mercury(II) chloride

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Properties of substance:

mercury(II) chloride

Synonyms:

mercuric chloride

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless rhombic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Cl₂Hg

Structural formula as text:

HgCl2

Molar/atomic mass: 271.5

Melting point (°C):

280

Boiling point (°C):

302

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1,2-dibromoethane: 1.53 (20°C) [Ref.]
1,2-dichloroethane: 1.35 (0°C) [Ref.]
1,2-dichloroethane: 1.76 (25.3°C) [Ref.]
1,2-dichloroethene: 0.114 (25°C) [Ref.]
1,4-dioxane: soluble [Ref.]
1-butanol: 16.3 (0°C) [Ref.]
1-butanol: 17.1 (20°C) [Ref.]
1-butanol: 49.25 (80°C) [Ref.]
1-propanol: 21.07 (0°C) [Ref.]
1-propanol: 23.15 (20°C) [Ref.]
1-propanol: 58.23 (80°C) [Ref.]
acetic acid: 2.56 (20°C) [Ref.]
acetic acid: 6.4 (50°C) [Ref.]
acetic acid: 14.16 (100°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 140 (20°C) [Ref.]
allyl alcohol: 42.9 (0°C) [Ref.]
allyl alcohol: 86.9 (20°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : moderately soluble [Ref.]
antimony pentachloride: 0.8 (120°C) [Ref.]
antimony trichloride: very soluble [Ref.]
arsenic tribromide: soluble [Ref.]
benzene: 0.53 (18°C) [Ref.]
benzene: 1.03 (54.1°C) [Ref.]
benzene: 1.8 (84°C) [Ref.]
benzonitrile: soluble [Ref.]
bromoethane: 2.01 (20°C) [Ref.]
bromoethane: 2.01 (20°C) [Ref.]
bromoform: 0.486 (20°C) [Ref.]
carbon dioxide liquid: insoluble [Ref.]
carbon disulphide: 0.018 (0°C) [Ref.]
carbon disulphide: 0.042 (20°C) [Ref.]
carbon tetrachloride: 0.002 (20°C) [Ref.]
chloroform: 0.106 (20°C) [Ref.]
decane: insoluble [Ref.]
deuterium oxide: 2.422 (0°C) [Ref.]
deuterium oxide: 4.396 (20°C) [Ref.]
deuterium oxide: 8.963 (50°C) [Ref.]
deuterium oxide: 39.983 (100°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: 6.35 (0°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: 6.44 (18°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: 6.9 (20°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: 6.38 (35.5°C) [Ref.]
dimethylformamide: 25 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: 42.5 (0°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: 47.1 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: 55.3 (40°C) [Ref.]
ethanolamine: reaction [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 23.75 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 35.9 (45.3°C) [Ref.]
ethylene carbonate: 49 (40°C) [Ref.]
ethylenediamine: 0.4 (25°C) [Ref.]
formic acid 95%: 2.1 (19°C) [Ref.]
glycerol: 79.3 (23°C) [Ref.]
glycerol 86.5%: 53.5 (20°C) [Ref.]
hydrazine: 1 (20°C) [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : insoluble [Ref.]
i-butanol: 5.5 (0°C) [Ref.]
i-butanol: 7.3 (20°C) [Ref.]
i-butanol: 46.4 (100°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 25.2 (0°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 51.5 (20°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 141.6 (40°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 166.7 (60°C) [Ref.]
methyl acetate: 42.6 (18°C) [Ref.]
nickel tetracarbonyl: insoluble [Ref.]
nitric acid: soluble [Ref.]
nitromethane: very slightly soluble [Ref.]
oil of turpentine: very soluble [Ref.]
olive oil: insoluble [Ref.]
pentachloroethane: 0.0193 (25°C) [Ref.]
petroleum ether: insoluble [Ref.]
propylene carbonate: 21 (25°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 15.1 (0°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 25.2 (20°C) [Ref.]
quinoline: soluble [Ref.]
selenium(IV) oxychloride: 0.9 (25°C) [Ref.]
sulfur dioxide: 0.103 (0°C) [Ref.]
sulfuric acid: soluble [Ref.]
tetrachloroethene: 0.0072 (25°C) [Ref.]
toluene: soluble [Ref.]
trichloroethylene: 0.0274 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 4.66 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 5.43 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 6.59 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 7.3 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 8.14 (30°C) [Ref.]
water: 10.2 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 13.19 (50°C) [Ref.]
water: 17.37 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: 30.9 (80°C) [Ref.]
water: 58.3 (100°C) [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

5,08% (wt.), solvent - water
Electrical Conductivity (mS/cm) = 0.424 (18°)

Density:

5.44 (25°C, g/cm³)

Reactions of synthesis:

[Ref.1]
HgO + 2HCl → HgCl₂ + H₂O

Reactions:

Yeild 75%. [Ref.1]
HgCl₂ + F₂ → HgF₂ + Cl₂
[Ref.1]
Hg + HgCl₂ → Hg₂Cl₂

Vapour pressure (Torr):

0.00001 (4°C)
0.0001 (22.8°C)
0.001 (44.5°C)
0.01 (69.7°C)
0.1 (100°C)
1 (135°C)
10 (179°C)
100 (235°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-228.2 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-180.9 (s)

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

140.02 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

74.1 (s)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ_fusH (kJ/mol):

19.2

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ_vapH (kJ/mol):

57.82

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-149 (g)

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

289 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

57.7 (g)

LD₅₀ (mg/kg):

35 (mice, oral)

References:

Comey A. M., Hahn D. A. A dictionary of Chemical Solubilities Inorganic. - 2 ed. - New York, The MacMillan Company, 1921. - pp. 497-507
Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 620-639
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 93 [Russian]
Реми Г. Курс неорганической химии. - Т.2. - М., 1966. - pp. 499-502 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 294-295, 823-830 [Russian]
Химико-фармацевтический журнал. - 1992. - №7-8. - pp. 31 [Russian]

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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru