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Properties of substance:
N,N-dimethylformamide
Synonyms:
DMF
Group of substances:
organic
Physical appearance:
colorless liquid
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
C
3
H
7
NO
Structural formula as text:
HCON(CH3)2
Molar/atomic mass: 73.09
Melting point (°C):
-61
Boiling point (°C):
153
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
acetone
: miscible [
Ref.
]
carbon disulphide
: miscible [
Ref.
]
diethyl ether
: miscible [
Ref.
]
ethanol
: miscible [
Ref.
]
water
: miscible [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1893
Density:
0.9445 (25°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions:
Yeild 51%. [
Ref.1
]
CH
3
(CH
2
)
3
C≡CMgBr + HCON(CH
3
)
2
→ CH
3
(CH
2
)
3
C≡CCH(OMgBr)N(CH
3
)
2
CH
3
(CH
2
)
3
C≡CCH(OMgBr)N(CH
3
)
2
+ H
2
O → CH
3
(CH
2
)
3
C≡CCHO + HOMgBr + HN(CH
3
)
2
Yeild 62%. [
Ref.1
]
CH
3
(CH
2
)
5
CH
2
Li + HCON(CH
3
)
2
→ CH
3
(CH
2
)
5
CH
2
CH(OLi)N(CH
3
)
2
CH
3
(CH
2
)
5
CH
2
CH(OLi)N(CH
3
)
2
+ H
2
O → CH
3
(CH
2
)
5
CH
2
CHO + LiOH + HN(CH
3
)
2
Yeild 82%. [
Ref.1
]
(CH
3
)
2
NCHO + COF
2
→ (CH
3
)
2
NCHF
2
+ CO
2
Refractive index (n
D
):
1.4269 (25°C)
Vapour pressure (Torr):
39 (76°C)
Permittivity (dielectric constant):
36.71 (25°C)
Dipole moment (D):
3.82 (20°C)
Viscosity (mPa·s):
0.795 (25°C)
Flash point (°C):
59
Autoignition temperature (°C):
420
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-239.3 (l)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
150.6 (l)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-192.4 (g)
LD
50
(mg/kg):
3750-7000 (white mice, oral)
4600 (rats, oral)
References:
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-24
Organic Process Research and Development. - 2020. Vol. 24, No. 9. - pp. 1586-1601 [DOI:
10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00330
]
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 185 [Russian]
Гутман В. Химия координационных соединений в неводных растворах. - М.: Мир, 1971. - pp. 194-196 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 563 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 144 [Russian]
Химический энциклопедический словарь. - Под ред. Кнунянц И.Л. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1983. - pp. 172 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru
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