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Properties of substance:
antimony(III) chloride
Synonyms:
antimony trichloride
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
colorless rhombic crystals
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
Cl
3
Sb
Structural formula as text:
SbCl3
Molar/atomic mass: 228.11
Melting point (°C):
73.2
Boiling point (°C):
233
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
1,4-dichlorobenzene
: 16.3 (50°C) [
Ref.
]
acetic acid
: 440.5 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
acetone
: 537.6 (18°C) [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
arsenic tribromide
: very soluble [
Ref.
]
arsenic trichloride
: soluble [
Ref.
]
benzene
: 32.6 (10°C) [
Ref.
]
benzene
: 43.9 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
benzene
: 154 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
benzonitrile
: soluble [
Ref.
]
benzoyl chloride
: 169.5 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
bromobenzene
: 17.4 (-20°C) [
Ref.
]
bromobenzene
: 52.2 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
bromobenzene
: 108 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
bromobenzene
: 604 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
bromobenzene
: miscible (73°C) [
Ref.
]
carbon disulphide
: soluble [
Ref.
]
carbon tetrachloride
: sparingly soluble [
Ref.
]
chloroform
: soluble [
Ref.
]
cyanogen liquid
: sparingly soluble [
Ref.
]
cyclohexane
: 1.2 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
cyclohexane
: 10.7 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
diethyl ether
: soluble [
Ref.
]
ethanol
: soluble [
Ref.
]
ethyl acetate
: 5.9 (18°C) [
Ref.
]
ethylbenzene
: 23.2 (10°C) [
Ref.
]
ethylbenzene
: 79.9 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
m-xylene
: 113 (5°C) [
Ref.
]
m-xylene
: 191.5 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
monochlorbenzene
: 12.5 (-30°C) [
Ref.
]
monochlorbenzene
: 79.2 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
monochlorbenzene
: 127 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
monochlorbenzene
: 747 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
p-cymene
: 85.5 (10°C) [
Ref.
]
p-cymene
: 150 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
phosphorus tribromide
: very soluble [
Ref.
]
phosphorus trichloride
: very soluble [
Ref.
]
selenium(IV) oxychloride
: 62.97 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
sulfur dioxide
: 13 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
sulfur monochloride
: soluble [
Ref.
]
tetrachloroethane: 21.75 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
toluene
: 70.9 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
toluene
: 169 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 601.6 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 815.8 (15°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 988.1 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 1368 (40°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 1917 (50°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 4531 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: miscible (70°C) [
Ref.
]
Hygroscopic:
yes
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1648
Density:
3.14 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions of synthesis:
[
Ref.1
]
Sb
2
S
3
+ 6HCl → 2SbCl
3
+ 3H
2
S
Reactions:
[
Ref.1
]
2SbCl
3
+ 3H
2
SO
4
→ Sb
2
(SO
4
)
3
+ 6HCl
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.1 (18.1°C)
1 (45°C)
10 (85.4°C)
100 (143°C)
Permittivity (dielectric constant):
33.2 (75°C)
Dipole moment (D):
3.93 (20°C)
Surface tension (mN/m):
49.6 (74.5°C)
42.6 (137°C)
38.3 (178°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-381.2 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-322.5 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
110.5 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
183.3 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
12.5
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
45.73
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-312 (g)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
338.5 (g)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
77.4 (g)
LD
50
(mg/kg):
25 (mice, intraperitoneal)
Critical temperature (°C):
521
Critical density (g/cm
3
):
0.842
References:
Comey A. M., Hahn D. A. A dictionary of Chemical Solubilities Inorganic. - 2 ed. - New York, The MacMillan Company, 1921. - pp. 45-46
Lewis R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. - 11ed. - Wiley-interscience, 2004. - pp. 277
Patnaik P. Handbook of inorganic chemicals. - McGraw-Hill, 2003. - pp. 55-56
Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 1474-1480
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 475 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 101 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 334, 932-943 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru