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Properties of substance:
silver chloride
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
white cubic crystals
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
AgCl
Structural formula as text:
AgCl
Molar/atomic mass: 143.32
Melting point (°C):
455
Boiling point (°C):
1550
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
1-butanol
: 0.0000014 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
2-pentanone
: 0.0000003 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
acetic acid
: practically insoluble [
Ref.
]
acetone
: 0.0000013 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: 0.215 (-33.9°C) [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: 0.28 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: 0.83 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
diethyl ether
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
dimethylformamide
: 0.01 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
ethanol abs.
: 0.0000015 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
ethyl acetate
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
hydrazine
: reaction [
Ref.
]
hydrogen fluoride
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
i-amyl alcohol
: 0.0000012 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
iodine monochloride
: sparingly soluble [
Ref.
]
methanol
: 0.000006 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
methyl ethyl ketone
: 0.0000011 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
phosphorus(V) trichloride oxide
: very slightly soluble [
Ref.
]
pyridine
: 5.35 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
pyridine
: 1.9 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
pyridine
: 0.53 (50°C) [
Ref.
]
pyridine
: 0.18 (100°C) [
Ref.
]
sulfur dioxide
: 0.001 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
sulfuric acid
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.00007 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.000105 (10°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.000155 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.000195 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.00024 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.0003 (40°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.00054 (50°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.0021 (100°C) [
Ref.
]
Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):
water 99.57%, ammonia 0.07%, silver chloride 0.36%, 25 °C, separating phase: AgCl [
Ref.
]
water 84.4%, ammonia 7.96%, silver chloride 7.64%, 25 °C, separating phase: AgCl [
Ref.
]
water 72.66%, ammonia 16.01%, silver chloride 11.33%, 25 °C, separating phase: 2AgCl * 3NH3 [
Ref.
]
water 89.9975%, sodium chloride 10.%, silver chloride 0.0025%, 15 °C [
Ref.
]
water 77.9761%, sodium chloride 21.98%, silver chloride 0.0439%, 15 °C [
Ref.
]
water 73.563%, sodium chloride 26.31%, silver chloride 0.127%, 15 °C [
Ref.
]
water 81.515%, silver chloride 0.067%, hydrochloric acid 18.418%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
water 97.1939%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.0101%, 0 °C [
Ref.
]
water 97.1807%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.0233%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
water 97.178%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.026%, 30 °C [
Ref.
]
water 97.1477%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.0563%, 40 °C [
Ref.
]
water 97.095%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.109%, 50 °C [
Ref.
]
water 57.411%, silver chloride 5.103%, hydrochloric acid 37.486%, 20 °C [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Interatomic distances (in pm): 228.08
Density:
5.56 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions of synthesis:
[
Ref.1
]
Ag
2
S + Cl
2
→ 2AgCl + S
Reactions:
Yeild 95%. [
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
2AgCl + 2F
2
→ 2AgF
2
+ Cl
2
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.000001 (431°C)
0.00001 (480°C)
0.0001 (539°C)
0.001 (607°C)
0.01 (685°C)
0.1 (789°C)
1 (914°C)
10 (1075°C)
100 (1294°C)
113.4 (1308°C)
336.8 (1442°C)
Dissociation:
pK
sp
(0) = 9.75 (20°C, water)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
13.2
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
184
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H (298 K, kJ/mol)
-127.068 (s) [
Ref.
]
92.55 (g) [
Ref.
]
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G (298 K, kJ/mol)
-109.764 (s) [
Ref.
]
65.152 (g) [
Ref.
]
Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))
96.199 (s) [
Ref.
]
246.129 (g) [
Ref.
]
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298 K, J/(mol·K))
52.886 (s) [
Ref.
]
35.642 (g) [
Ref.
]
References:
Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 32-48
Лурье Ю.Ю. Справочник по аналитической химии. - М.: Химия, 1979. - pp. 90 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.2. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 262 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 99 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 198, 716-717 [Russian]
Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 208-209 [Russian]
Справочник химика. - Т. 3. - М.-Л.: Химия, 1965. - pp. 290, 302 [Russian]
Фурман А.А. Неорганические хлориды (химия и технология). - М.: Химия, 1980. - pp. 61-62 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru