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Properties of substance:

silver chloride

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

white cubic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

AgCl

Structural formula as text:

AgCl

Molar/atomic mass: 143.32

Melting point (°C):

455

Boiling point (°C):

1550

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1-butanol: 0.0000014 (25°C) [Ref.]
2-pentanone: 0.0000003 (25°C) [Ref.]
acetic acid: practically insoluble [Ref.]
acetone: 0.0000013 (20°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 0.215 (-33.9°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 0.28 (0°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 0.83 (25°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: insoluble [Ref.]
dimethylformamide: 0.01 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 0.0000015 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: insoluble [Ref.]
hydrazine: reaction [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : insoluble [Ref.]
i-amyl alcohol: 0.0000012 (25°C) [Ref.]
iodine monochloride: sparingly soluble [Ref.]
methanol: 0.000006 (20°C) [Ref.]
methyl ethyl ketone: 0.0000011 (25°C) [Ref.]
phosphorus(V) trichloride oxide: very slightly soluble [Ref.]
pyridine: 5.35 (0°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 1.9 (20°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 0.53 (50°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 0.18 (100°C) [Ref.]
sulfur dioxide: 0.001 (0°C) [Ref.]
sulfuric acid: insoluble [Ref.]
water: 0.00007 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.000105 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.000155 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.000195 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.00024 (30°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.0003 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.00054 (50°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.0021 (100°C) [Ref.]

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

water 99.57%, ammonia 0.07%, silver chloride 0.36%, 25 °C, separating phase: AgCl [Ref.]
water 84.4%, ammonia 7.96%, silver chloride 7.64%, 25 °C, separating phase: AgCl [Ref.]
water 72.66%, ammonia 16.01%, silver chloride 11.33%, 25 °C, separating phase: 2AgCl * 3NH3 [Ref.]
water 89.9975%, sodium chloride 10.%, silver chloride 0.0025%, 15 °C [Ref.]
water 77.9761%, sodium chloride 21.98%, silver chloride 0.0439%, 15 °C [Ref.]
water 73.563%, sodium chloride 26.31%, silver chloride 0.127%, 15 °C [Ref.]
water 81.515%, silver chloride 0.067%, hydrochloric acid 18.418%, 25 °C [Ref.]
water 97.1939%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.0101%, 0 °C [Ref.]
water 97.1807%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.0233%, 25 °C [Ref.]
water 97.178%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.026%, 30 °C [Ref.]
water 97.1477%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.0563%, 40 °C [Ref.]
water 97.095%, nitric acid 2.796%, silver chloride 0.109%, 50 °C [Ref.]
water 57.411%, silver chloride 5.103%, hydrochloric acid 37.486%, 20 °C [Ref.]

Numerical data:

Interatomic distances (in pm): 228.08

Density:

5.56 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1]
    Ag2S + Cl2 → 2AgCl + S

Reactions:

  1. Yeild 95%. [Ref.1aster, Ref.2aster]
    2AgCl + 2F2 → 2AgF2 + Cl2

Vapour pressure (Torr):

0.000001 (431°C)
0.00001 (480°C)
0.0001 (539°C)
0.001 (607°C)
0.01 (685°C)
0.1 (789°C)
1 (914°C)
10 (1075°C)
100 (1294°C)
113.4 (1308°C)
336.8 (1442°C)

Dissociation:

pKsp (0) = 9.75 (20°C, water)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

13.2

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol):

184

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH (298 K, kJ/mol)

-127.068 (s) [Ref.]
92.55 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG (298 K, kJ/mol)

-109.764 (s) [Ref.]
65.152 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))

96.199 (s) [Ref.]
246.129 (g) [Ref.]

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298 K, J/(mol·K))

52.886 (s) [Ref.]
35.642 (g) [Ref.]

References:

  1. Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 32-48
  2. Лурье Ю.Ю. Справочник по аналитической химии. - М.: Химия, 1979. - pp. 90 [Russian]
  3. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.2. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 262 [Russian]
  4. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 99 [Russian]
  5. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 198, 716-717 [Russian]
  6. Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 208-209 [Russian]
  7. Справочник химика. - Т. 3. - М.-Л.: Химия, 1965. - pp. 290, 302 [Russian]
  8. Фурман А.А. Неорганические хлориды (химия и технология). - М.: Химия, 1980. - pp. 61-62 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru