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Properties of substance:

potassium iodide

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless cubic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

IK

Structural formula as text:

KI

Molar/atomic mass: 166.003

Melting point (°C):

686

Boiling point (°C):

1320

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

γ-butyrolactone : 12.5 (25°C) [Ref.]
γ-valerolactone: 4.24 (25°C) [Ref.]
1-butanol: 0.201 (25°C) [Ref.]
1-propanol: 0.43 (25°C) [Ref.]
2-butanol: 0.0582 (25°C) [Ref.]
2-propanol: 0.177 (25°C) [Ref.]
acetamide: 21.65 (70°C) [Ref.]
acetic acid: sparingly soluble [Ref.]
acetone: 4.33 (-78.5°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 7.34 (-64.4°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 9.89 (-58.5°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 10.85 (-57.6°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 10.85 (-57°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 10.13 (-56.4°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 6.47 (-44.8°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 4.03 (-26.3°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 2.06 (4.62°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 1.35 (25°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 1.32 (26.54°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.9 (48.75°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 0.85 (54.5°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 2.31 (0°C) [Ref.]
acetonitrile: 2.04 (25°C) [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 184.2 (0°C) [Ref.]
amyl alcohol: 0.098 (25°C) [Ref.]
benzaldehyde: 0.329 (25°C) [Ref.]
benzonitrile: 0.0506 (25°C) [Ref.]
cyclopentanone: 0.43 (25°C) [Ref.]
deuterium oxide: 97.43 (0°C) [Ref.]
deuterium oxide: 116.22 (20°C) [Ref.]
deuterium oxide: 176.24 (100°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: 0.27 (15°C) [Ref.]
dimethylamine: sparingly soluble [Ref.]
dimethylformamide: 25 (25°C) [Ref.]
dimethylsulfoxide: 16 [Ref.]
ethanol 80%: 19.6 (18°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 90%: 6.9 (18°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 94%: 3.99 (17°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 1.5 (0°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 1.75 (20.5°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 1.88 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanolamine: 42.3 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: 0.00012 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethyl cyanoacetate: 0.94 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethylene carbonate: 11.16 (40°C) [Ref.]
ethylene glycol : 44.99 (0°C) [Ref.]
ethylene glycol : 49.28 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethylenediamine: 74.9 (25°C) [Ref.]
formic acid 95%: 38.2 (18.5°C) [Ref.]
furfural : 5.2 (25°C) [Ref.]
glycerol 98.5%: 50.6 (20°C) [Ref.]
hydrazine: 175 (20°C) [Ref.]
hydrogen cyanide: very soluble [Ref.]
hydroxylamine: 110 (17.5°C) [Ref.]
i-butanol: 0.0955 (25°C) [Ref.]
iodine liquid: very soluble [Ref.]
iodine monochloride: soluble [Ref.]
methanol: 13.6 (10°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 15.1 (20°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 16.3 (30°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 18.1 (40°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 18.9 (50°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 25 (100°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 29.9 (150°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 29 (200°C) [Ref.]
methyl cyanoacetate: 2.909 (0°C) [Ref.]
methyl cyanoacetate: 2.213 (25°C) [Ref.]
nickel tetracarbonyl: insoluble [Ref.]
nitrobenzene: 0.00016 (25°C) [Ref.]
nitromethane: 0.316 (0°C) [Ref.]
nitromethane: 0.307 (25°C) [Ref.]
phosphorus(V) trichloride oxide: 0.1 [Ref.]
propionitrile: 0.0429 (0°C) [Ref.]
propionitrile: 0.0404 (25°C) [Ref.]
propylene carbonate: 3.67 (25°C) [Ref.]
propylene carbonate: 3.3 (30°C) [Ref.]
propylene carbonate: 3.62 (35°C) [Ref.]
propylene carbonate: 3.59 (40°C) [Ref.]
propylene carbonate: 3.5 (45°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 0.3 (20°C) [Ref.]
salicylaldehyde : 1.105 (0°C) [Ref.]
salicylaldehyde : 0.485 (25°C) [Ref.]
sulfur dioxide: 41.3 (0°C) [Ref.]
tributyl phosphate: 0.84 (22°C) [Ref.]
trimethylamine: insoluble [Ref.]
water: 127.3 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 135.8 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 144.5 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 148.6 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 152.5 (30°C) [Ref.]
water: 159.7 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 175.5 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: 190.7 (80°C) [Ref.]
water: 206.7 (100°C) [Ref.]
water: 247 (150°C) [Ref.]
water: 292 (200°C) [Ref.]

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

water 29.8%, potassium iodide 50.9%, mercury(II) iodide 19.3%, 20 °C, separating phase: KI [Ref.]
water 13.%, potassium iodide 39.%, mercury(II) iodide 48.%, 20 °C, separating phase: KI [Ref.]
water 9.%, potassium iodide 37.4%, mercury(II) iodide 53.6%, 20 °C, separating phase: K2HgI4 [Ref.]
water 9.6%, potassium iodide 37.8%, mercury(II) iodide 52.6%, 20 °C, separating phase: KHgI3 [Ref.]
water 13.3%, potassium iodide 35.5%, mercury(II) iodide 51.2%, 20 °C, separating phase: KHgI3 * H2O [Ref.]
acetone 96.518%, potassium iodide 0.68%, silver iodide 2.802%, 25 °C [Ref.]
acetone 93.73%, potassium iodide 1.25%, silver iodide 5.02%, 25 °C [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

10% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density of a material to that water at 4°C = 1.0761 (20°)
40% (wt.), solvent - water
  Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 0.897 (20°)
  Density (g/cm3) = 1.3959 (20°)
  Index of refraction = 1.4027 (20°)
  Freezing point (°C) = -13.97
60% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density (g/cm3) = 1.731 (20°)

Hygroscopic:

yes

Numerical data:

Critical relative humidity (%): 68.8

Density:

3.115 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1aster]
    KHCO3 + HI → KI + CO2 + H2O

Reactions:

  1. Yeild 90%. [Ref.1aster]
    As2O3 + 6KI + 6HCl → 2AsI3 + 6KCl + 3H2O
  2. Yeild 76%. [Ref.1]
    HgO + H2O + 4KI → K2HgI4 + 2KOH
  3. [Ref.1]
    2Au + I2 + 2KI → 2K[AuI2]
  4. [Ref.1]
    2NOCl + 2KI → 2KCl + I2 + 2NO
  5. [Ref.1]
    KI + H3PO4 → HI + KH2PO4
  6. [Ref.1]
    KI + I2 → KI3
  7. [Ref.1, Ref.2]
    FClO3 + 8KI + 3H2SO4 → 4I2 + KCl + KF + 3K2SO4 + 3H2O
  8. [Ref.1aster]
    KI + I2 + H2O → KI3 * H2O

Refractive index (nD):

1.667 (18°C)

Dipole moment (D):

9.2 (625°C)

Viscosity (mPa·s):

1.53 (707°C)
1.19 (807°C)
1 (887°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH (298 K, kJ/mol)

-327.9 (s) [Ref.]

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG (298 K, kJ/mol)

-324.9 (s) [Ref.]

Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))

106.3 (s) [Ref.]

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298 K, J/(mol·K))

52.9 (s) [Ref.]

Enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol)

24 (s) [Ref.]

References:

  1. Inorganic Syntheses. - Vol. 1. - New York and London, 1939. - pp. 163-165
  2. Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 812-823
  3. Беликов В.Г. Учебное пособие по фармацевтической химии. - М.: Медицина, 1979. - pp. 18 [Russian]
  4. Лурье Ю.Ю. Справочник по аналитической химии. - М.: Химия, 1971. - pp. 91 [Russian]
  5. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 68 [Russian]
  6. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 688-693 [Russian]
  7. Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 82-83 [Russian]
  8. Справочник химика. - Т. 3. - М.-Л.: Химия, 1965. - pp. 289-301 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru