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Properties of substance:
phosphorus red
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
reddish brown triclinic crystals
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
P
Structural formula as text:
P
Molar/atomic mass: 30.974
Sublimation point (°C):
429
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
ammonia liquid
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
bismuth fused
: soluble [
Ref.
]
carbon disulphide
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
diethyl ether
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
ethanol
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
i-butanol
: soluble [
Ref.
]
lead
: soluble [
Ref.
]
ligroin: insoluble [
Ref.
]
methylamine
: sparingly soluble [
Ref.
]
methylene iodide
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
nickel tetracarbonyl
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
phosphorus tribromide
: 0.2601 (172°C) [
Ref.
]
phosphorus tribromide
: 0.3634 (184°C) [
Ref.
]
phosphorus trichloride
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
trimethylamine
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
water
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1847
Density:
2.2 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions:
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
,
Ref.3
,
Ref.4
]
2P + 5I
2
+ 8H
2
O → 2H
3
PO
4
+ 10HI
[
Ref.1
]
2P + 3Cl
2
→ 2PCl
3
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
,
Ref.3
]
2P + 4HNO
3
+ H
2
O → 2H
3
PO
4
+ 3NO + NO
2
Vapour pressure (Torr):
1 (236°C)
10 (287°C)
100 (349°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-17.4 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-11.9 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
22.8 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
21.2 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
17
ΔH
sublimation
(kJ/mol):
29.8
References:
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 4-80
Бабаян Э.А., Гаевский А.В., Бардин Е.В. Правовые аспекты оборота наркотических, психотропных, сильнодействующих, ядовитых веществ и прекурсоров. - М.: МЦФЭР, 2000. - pp. 147 [Russian]
Везер В. Фосфор и его соединения. - М.: ИИЛ, 1962 [Russian]
Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.3. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 131 [Russian]
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 52 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 437 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 107 [Russian]
Технология минеральных удобрений. - Л., 1979. - pp. 33-40 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 144-147 [Russian]
Химия и жизнь. - 1990. - №2. - pp. 81 [Russian]
Энциклопедия для детей. - Т.17: Химия. - М.: Аванта+, 2004. - pp. 226 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru