sodium hydroxide

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Properties of substance:

sodium hydroxide

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless rhombic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

HNaO

Structural formula as text:

NaOH

Molar/atomic mass: 39.997

Melting point (°C):

323

Boiling point (°C):

1403

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

acetone: insoluble [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : 0.00025 (-40°C) [Ref.]
benzonitrile: insoluble [Ref.]
diethyl ether: insoluble [Ref.]
ethanol: 17.2 (28°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: insoluble [Ref.]
glycerol: very soluble [Ref.]
methanol: 30.9 (28°C) [Ref.]
methyl acetate: insoluble [Ref.]
water: 42 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 51.5 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 109.2 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 113 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 118.8 (30°C) [Ref.]
water: 128.8 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 145.1 (50°C) [Ref.]
water: 174 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: 300 (70°C) [Ref.]
water: 313 (80°C) [Ref.]
water: 337 (100°C) [Ref.]
water: 365 (110°C) [Ref.]
water: 374 (125°C) [Ref.]
water: 418 (150°C) [Ref.]
water: 554 (200°C) [Ref.]

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

water 26.4%, acetone 73.3%, sodium hydroxide 0.3%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 36.4%, acetone 62.9%, sodium hydroxide 0.7%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 41.5%, acetone 57.4%, sodium hydroxide 1.1%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 53.7%, acetone 43.7%, sodium hydroxide 2.6%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 65.5%, acetone 29.2%, sodium hydroxide 5.3%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 69.%, acetone 24.%, sodium hydroxide 7.%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 75.4%, acetone 15.2%, sodium hydroxide 9.4%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 77.1%, acetone 9.8%, sodium hydroxide 13.1%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 76.4%, acetone 6.4%, sodium hydroxide 17.2%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 75.5%, acetone 4.9%, sodium hydroxide 19.6%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 73.4%, acetone 2.3%, sodium hydroxide 24.3%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
water 71.7%, acetone 1.1%, sodium hydroxide 27.2%, 0 °C, separating phase: при увеличении концентрации NaOH смесь разделяется на два жидких слоя [Ref.]
(layer 1): water 13.%, hydrazine 77.5%, sodium hydroxide 9.3%, (layer 2): water 29.5%, hydrazine 19.%, sodium hydroxide 51.4%, 60 °C [Ref.]
water 73.25%, sodium chloride 24.05%, sodium hydroxide 2.69%, 25 °C, separating phase: NaCl [Ref.]
water 71.99%, sodium chloride 17.04%, sodium hydroxide 10.97%, 25 °C, separating phase: NaCl [Ref.]
water 65.08%, sodium chloride 4.77%, sodium hydroxide 30.15%, 25 °C, separating phase: NaCl [Ref.]
water 58.%, sodium chloride 1.81%, sodium hydroxide 40.19%, 25 °C, separating phase: NaCl [Ref.]
water 50.96%, sodium chloride 1.03%, sodium hydroxide 48.01%, 25 °C, separating phase: NaCl [Ref.]
water 99.5973%, gold(III) hydroxide 0.0027%, sodium hydroxide 0.4%, 25 °C, separating phase: Au(OH)3 [Ref.]
water 98.4382%, gold(III) hydroxide 0.0258%, sodium hydroxide 1.536%, 25 °C, separating phase: Au(OH)3 [Ref.]
water 97.388%, gold(III) hydroxide 0.012%, sodium hydroxide 2.6%, 25 °C, separating phase: Na2HAuO3 [Ref.]
water 95.9692%, gold(III) hydroxide 0.00384%, sodium hydroxide 4.027%, 25 °C, separating phase: Na2HAuO3 [Ref.]
water 74.9094%, gold(III) hydroxide 0.0106%, sodium hydroxide 25.08%, 25 °C, separating phase: Na2HAuO3 [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

5% (wt.), solvent - water
Electrical Conductivity (mS/cm) = 206. (20°)
6,47% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.07 (20°)
10% (wt.), solvent - water

Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 1.882 (20°)
Density (g/cm³) = 1.1089 (20°)
Surface Tension (mN/m) = 77.3 (20°)
Index of refraction = 1.3597 (20°)
Freezing point (°C) = -10.47
10,1% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.11 (20°)
20,07% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.22 (20°)
30,2% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.33 (20°)
40% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.43 (20°)
50,5% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm³) = 1.53 (20°)

Hygroscopic:

yes

Density:

2.13 (20°C, g/cm³)

Reactions of synthesis:

[Ref.1]
2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
[Ref.1, Ref.2]
2NaCl + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂ + Cl₂
[Ref.1]
Na₂CO₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → 2NaOH + CaCO₃
[Ref.1]
Na₂O + H₂O → 2NaOH

Reactions:

[Ref.1]
H₅IO₆ + 3NaOH → Na₃H₂IO₆ + 3H₂O
[Ref.1, Ref.2]
2F₂ + 2NaOH → 2NaF + OF₂ + H₂O
[Ref.1]
2Na + NaOH → Na₂O + NaH
[Ref.1]
Zn + 2NaOH + 2H₂O → Na₂[Zn(OH)₄] + H₂

Dissociation:

pK_b (1) = -0.77 (25°C, water)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-425.6 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-380.7 (s)

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

64.4 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

59.66 (s)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ_fusH (kJ/mol):

7.1

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

188 (g)

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

228 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

49 (g)

References:

Comey A. M., Hahn D. A. A dictionary of Chemical Solubilities Inorganic. - 2 ed. - New York, The MacMillan Company, 1921. - pp. 851-854
Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 1283-1286
Карапетьянц М.Х., Дракин С.И. Общая и неорганическая химия. - М.: Химия, 1981. - pp. 303-304 [Russian]
Лурье Ю.Ю. Справочник по аналитической химии. - М.: Химия, 1971. - pp. 93 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 84 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 650-651 [Russian]
Степин Б.Д., Цветков А.А. Неорганическая химия. - М.: Высшая школа, 1994. - pp. 205 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 3. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1992. - pp. 181-182 [Russian]

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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru

Properties of substance:

sodium hydroxide

Group of substances:

Physical appearance:

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Structural formula as text:

Molar/atomic mass: 39.997

Melting point (°C):

Boiling point (°C):

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

Properties of solutions:

Hygroscopic:

Density:

Reactions of synthesis:

Reactions:

Dissociation:

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

References:

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ_fusH (kJ/mol):

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ_fH⁰ (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

Standard molar entropy S⁰ (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):