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Properties of substance:
potassium carbonate
Synonyms:
potash
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
colorless monoclinic crystals
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
CK
2
O
3
Structural formula as text:
K2CO3
Molar/atomic mass: 138.21
Melting point (°C):
891
CAS №: 584-08-7
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
N-methylpyrrolidone
: 2.3 (room temperature) [
Ref.
]
acetone
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
benzonitrile
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
dimethylacetamide
: 0.49 (room temperature) [
Ref.
]
dimethylformamide
: 0.8 (room temperature) [
Ref.
]
dimethylsulfoxide
: 4.3 (room temperature) [
Ref.
]
ethanol abs.
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
ethyl acetate
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
ethylene glycol
: 34.4 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
glycerol
: 39.4 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
hydrazine
: 1 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
methanol
: 6 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
methyl acetate
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
sulfolane
: 1.26 (room temperature) [
Ref.
]
water
: 107 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 109.2 (10°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 111 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 112.3 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 113.7 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 116.9 (40°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 125.7 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 139.2 (80°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 155.8 (100°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 274 (200°C) [
Ref.
]
Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):
water 30.3%, IPA 69.6%, potash 0.1%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
water 76.04%, IPA 10.1%, potash 13.86%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
water 47.1%, IPA 0.23%, potash 52.67%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 53.04%, ethanol 44.82%, potash 2.14%, (layer 2): water 70.61%, ethanol 9.28%, potash 20.11%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 22.76%, ethanol 76.82%, potash 0.35%, (layer 2): water 59.82%, ethanol 1.38%, potash 38.8%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 12.73%, ethanol 87.17%, potash 0.2%, (layer 2): water 50.16%, ethanol 0.34%, potash 49.5%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 31.01%, 1-propanol 68.47%, potash 0.42%, (layer 2): water 77.92%, 1-propanol 6.94%, potash 15.14%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 16.42%, 1-propanol 83.35%, potash 0.23%, (layer 2): water 69.43%, 1-propanol 0.56%, potash 30.01%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 10.06%, 1-propanol 89.91%, potash 0.13%, (layer 2): water 55.71%, 1-propanol 0.%, potash 44.29%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 49.65%, IPA 48.54%, potash 1.81%, (layer 2): water 75.89%, IPA 8.99%, potash 15.12%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 24.26%, IPA 75.17%, potash 0.58%, (layer 2): water 69.79%, IPA 0.79%, potash 29.42%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
(layer 1): water 7.07%, IPA 92.85%, potash 0.18%, (layer 2): water 50.45%, IPA 0.05%, potash 49.5%, 25 °C [
Ref.
]
Properties of solutions:
40% (wt.), solvent - water
Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 4.36 (20°)
Density (g/cm
3
) = 1.4142 (20°)
Index of refraction = 1.4006 (20°)
Freezing point (°C) = -37.55
53% (wt.), solvent - water
Density (g/cm
3
) = 1.5673 (20°)
Hygroscopic:
yes
Numerical data:
Critical relative humidity (%): 44
Density:
2.43 (19°C, g/cm
3
)
Viscosity (mPa·s):
3.03 (917°C)
1.66 (977°C)
Surface tension (mN/m):
168.4 (910°C)
162.1 (1010°C)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
32.6
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H (298 K, kJ/mol)
-1150.182 (s) [
Ref.
]
-1130.6 (l) [
Ref.
]
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G (298 K, kJ/mol)
-1064.529 (s) [
Ref.
]
Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))
155.519 (s) [
Ref.
]
170.4 (l) [
Ref.
]
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298 K, J/(mol·K))
114.234 (s) [
Ref.
]
209.2 (l) [
Ref.
]
LD
50
(mg/kg):
1870 (rats, oral)
References:
Armarego W. L. F. Purification of Laboratory Chemicals. - 5ed. - 2003. - pp. 453
Armarego W. L. F. Purification of Laboratory Chemicals. - 7ed. - 2013. - pp. 599
Comey A. M., Hahn D. A. A dictionary of Chemical Solubilities Inorganic. - 2 ed. - New York, The MacMillan Company, 1921. - pp. 197-202
Schlager N., Weisblatt J., Newton D.E. Chemical Compounds. - 2006. - pp. 633-637
Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 726-740
Вредные химические вещества: Неорганические соединения элементов I-IV групп. Справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1988. - pp. 47 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.2. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 239, 241 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 68 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 696 [Russian]
Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 86-87 [Russian]
Справочник химика. - Т. 3. - М.-Л.: Химия, 1965. - pp. 299, 301 [Russian]
Химическая технология неорганических веществ. - Кн.1, под ред. Ахметова Т.Г. - М.: Высшая школа, 2002. - pp. 136-144 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 2. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1990. - pp. 288 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru