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Properties of substance:
chromium
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
gray cubic metal
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
Cr
Structural formula as text:
Cr
Molar/atomic mass: 51.996
Melting point (°C):
1890
Boiling point (°C):
2680
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
lithium molten
: 0.0025 (700°C) [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 0.00000000003 (18°C) [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 0.0000072 (200°C) [
Ref.
]
sodium fused
: 0.0002 (700°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1797
Density:
7.19 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions:
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
,
Ref.3
]
Cr + 2F
2
→ CrF
4
Half-life:
42
24
Cr = 13.3 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (94.4%))
43
24
Cr = 21.1 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (81%))
44
24
Cr = 42.8 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (14%))
45
24
Cr = 60.9 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (34.4%))
46
24
Cr = 257 ms (β
+
(100%))
47
24
Cr = 500 ms (β
+
(100%))
48
24
Cr = 21.56 h (β
+
(100%))
49
24
Cr = 42.3 min (β
+
(100%))
50
24
Cr = stable ( (isotopic abundance 4,345%))
51
24
Cr = 27.701 d (electron capture (100%))
52
24
Cr = stable ( (isotopic abundance 83,489%))
53
24
Cr = stable ( (isotopic abundance 9,501%))
54
24
Cr = stable ( (isotopic abundance 2,365%))
55
24
Cr = 3.497 min (β
-
(100%))
56
24
Cr = 5.94 min (β
-
(100%))
57
24
Cr = 21.1 s (β
-
(100%))
58
24
Cr = 7.0 s (β
-
(100%))
59
24
Cr = 1050 ms (β
-
(100%))
59m
24
Cr = 96 μs (internal transition (100%))
60
24
Cr = 490 ms (β
-
(100%))
61
24
Cr = 243 ms (β
-
(100%))
62
24
Cr = 206 ms (β
-
(100%))
63
24
Cr = 129 ms (β
-
(100%))
64
24
Cr = 43 ms (β
-
(100%))
65
24
Cr = 27.5 ms (β
-
(100%))
66
24
Cr = 23.8 ms (β
-
(100%))
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.001 (1240°C)
0.1 (1513°C)
1 (1695°C)
10 (1922°C)
100 (2220°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
23.6 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
23.3 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
21
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
338
References:
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 52 [Russian]
Ефимов А.И. и др. Свойства неорганических соединений. Справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1983. - pp. 210-211 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 62 [Russian]
Неорганические синтезы. - Сб. 1. - М.: ИИЛ, 1951. - pp. 10 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 110 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 617 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 308-310 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru
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