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Properties of substance:
vanadium
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
cubic metal
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
V
Structural formula as text:
V
Molar/atomic mass: 50.94
Melting point (°C):
1900
Boiling point (°C):
3400
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
lithium molten
: 0.0075 (700°C) [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 0.00005 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
sodium fused
: 0.0002 (700°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1830
Superconducting temperature (K): 5.46
Density:
5.96 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions:
[
Ref.1
]
4V + 5O
2
→ 2V
2
O
5
[
Ref.1
]
V + 6HNO
3
→ VO
2
NO
3
+ 5NO
2
+ 3H
2
O
[
Ref.1
]
2V + 12HF → 2H
3
[VF
6
] + 3H
2
[
Ref.1
]
V + 3H
2
SO
4
→ VOSO
4
+ 2SO
2
+ 3H
2
O
[
Ref.1
]
2V + N
2
→ 2VN
Half-life:
43
23
V = 79.3 ms (β
+
(100%); mass excess -17920 keV)
44
23
V = 111 ms (β
+
(100%))
44m
23
V = 150 ms (β
+
(100%))
45
23
V = 547 ms (β
+
(100%))
45m
23
V = 512 ns (internal transition)
46
23
V = 422.64 ms (β
+
(100%))
46m
23
V = 1.02 ms (internal transition)
47
23
V = 32.6 min (β
+
(100%))
48
23
V = 15.9735 d (β
+
(100%))
49
23
V = 330 d (electron capture)
50
23
V = 1.5 · 10
17
y (β
+
(83%); mass excess -49223,9 keV (isotopic abundance 0,25%))
51
23
V = stable ( (isotopic abundance 99,75%))
52
23
V = 3.743 min (β
-
(100%))
53
23
V = 1.543 min (β
-
(100%))
54
23
V = 49.8 s (β
-
(100%))
54m
23
V = 900 ns (internal transition (100%))
55
23
V = 6.54 s (β
-
(100%))
56
23
V = 216 ms (β
-
(100%))
57
23
V = 350 ms (β
-
(100%))
58
23
V = 191 ms (β
-
(100%))
59
23
V = 95 ms (β
-
(100%))
60
23
V = 122 ms (β
-
(100%))
60m
23
V = 40 ms ()
60n
23
V = 230 ns (internal transition (100%))
61
23
V = 47 ms (β
-
(100%))
62
23
V = 33.6 ms (β
-
(100%))
63
23
V = 18.3 ms (β
-
(100%))
64
23
V = 19 ms (β
-
(100%))
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.01 (1850°C)
0.1 (2044°C)
1 (2282°C)
10 (2590°C)
100 (2955°C)
Electrode potential:
V
2+
+ 2e
-
→ V, E = -1.175 V (water, 25°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
28.9 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
24.9 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
23
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
444.8
References:
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 50 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 479, 481-482 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 57 [Russian]
Успехи химии. - 1962. - Т.31, №9. - pp. 1076-1103 [Russian]
Энциклопедия для детей. - Т.17: Химия. - М.: Аванта+, 2004. - pp. 257 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru
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