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Properties of substance:
sodium tetrahydroborate
Synonyms:
sodium borohydride
sodium hydroborate
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
colorless cubic crystals
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
H
4
BNa
Structural formula as text:
NaBH4
Molar/atomic mass: 37.83
Melting point (°C):
500
Decomposition temperature (°C):
500
CAS №: 16940-66-2
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
1,2-diethoxyethane
: slightly soluble [
Ref.
]
1,4-dioxane
: practically insoluble [
Ref.
]
1-propylamine
: 9.7 (28°C) [
Ref.
]
2-ethoxyethanol
: slightly soluble [
Ref.
]
2-propanol
: 0.4 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
2-propanol
: 0.93 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
acetone
: reaction [
Ref.
]
acetonitrile
: 0.9 (28°C) [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: 104 (-33.3°C) [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: 99 (-22.5°C) [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: 104 (1.9°C) [
Ref.
]
ammonia liquid
: 109 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
aniline
: 0.6 (75°C) [
Ref.
]
cyclohexylamine
: 1.8 (28°C) [
Ref.
]
diethyl ether
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
diethylamine
: slightly soluble [
Ref.
]
diethylene glycol monomethyl ether
: 16.3 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
diglyme
: 1.32 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
diglyme
: 5.5 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
diglyme
: 8 (45°C) [
Ref.
]
diglyme
: 10 (75°C) [
Ref.
]
dimethylformamide
: 18 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
dimethylformamide
: 24.3 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
dimethylformamide
: 24.9 (100°C) [
Ref.
]
dimethylsulfoxide
: 5.8 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
ethanol
: 4 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
ethanolamine
: 7.74 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
ethyl acetate
: slightly soluble [
Ref.
]
ethylamine
: 20.9 (17°C) [
Ref.
]
ethylene glycol monomethyl ether
: 16.7 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
ethylenediamine
: 22 (75°C) [
Ref.
]
hydrazine
: 25.4 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
isopropylamine
: 6 (28°C) [
Ref.
]
isopropylamine
: 6 (28°C) [
Ref.
]
methanol
: reaction 16.4 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
methanol
: soluble with reaction 17.7 (40°C) [
Ref.
]
methylamine
: 27.6 (-20°C) [
Ref.
]
monoglyme
: 0.8 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
morpholine
: 1.4 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
morpholine
: 2.5 (75°C) [
Ref.
]
n-butylamine
: 4.9 (28°C) [
Ref.
]
propylene carbonate
: insoluble (25°C) [
Ref.
]
pyridine
: 8.12 (5°C) [
Ref.
]
pyridine
: 3.1 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
pyridine
: 2.3 (75°C) [
Ref.
]
tert-butanol
: 0.11 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
tert-butanol
: 0.19 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
tetrahydrofuran
: 0.1 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
: soluble with reaction 14 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
triethylamine
: slightly soluble [
Ref.
]
triglyme
: 8.7 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
triglyme
: 8.5 (50°C) [
Ref.
]
triglyme
: 6.7 (100°C) [
Ref.
]
trimethyl borate
: slightly soluble [
Ref.
]
water
: 25 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 55 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 88.5 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: reaction (100°C) [
Ref.
]
Hygroscopic:
yes
Density:
1.07 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions of synthesis:
[
Ref.1
]
2NaHg + 2B
2
H
6
→ NaBH
4
+ NaB
3
H
8
+ 2Hg
Reactions:
Yeild 91%. [
Ref.1
]
NaBH
4
+ HCN → NaBH
3
CN + H
2
[
Ref.1
]
2NaBH
4
+ 2HCl → 2NaCl + B
2
H
6
+ 2H
2
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
2NaBH
4
+ H
2
SO
4
→ Na
2
SO
4
+ B
2
H
6
+ 2H
2
Half-life:
= 6 h (при 20 С в водном растворе. для очищенного борогидрида натрия)
Electrode potential:
H
2
BO
3
-
+ 5H
2
O + 8e
-
→ BH
4
-
+ 8OH
-
, E = -1.24 V (water, 25°C)
B(OH)
3
+ 7H
+
+ 8e
-
→ BH
4
-
+ 3H
2
O, E = -0.481 V (water, 25°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-183.3 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-119.5 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
101.3 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
86.78 (s)
References:
Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards. - 6 ed., Vol. 1. - Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999. - pp. 66-68
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - CRC Press, Inc., 2002
Progress in inorganic chemistry. - Vol. 11. - John Wiley & Sons, 1970. - pp. 112, 127-136
Буданов В.В., Макаров С.В. Химия серосодержащих восстановителей (ронгалит, дитионит, диоксид тиомочевины). - М.: Химия, 1994. - pp. 28-29 [Russian]
Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.1. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 164 [Russian]
Жигач А.Ф., Стасиневич Д.С. Химия гидридов. - Л.: Химия, 1969. - pp. 395-427 [Russian]
Краткая химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 3: Мальтаза-Пиролиз. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1964. - pp. 375 [Russian]
Мальцева Н.Н., Хаин В.С. Борогидрид натрия: Свойства и применение. - М.: Наука, 1985 [Russian]
Михайлов В.А. Химия бороводородов. - М.: Наука, 1967. - pp. 229 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.2. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 25-26 [Russian]
Общая органическая химия. - Т. 6, под ред. Бартона Д. и Оллиса В.Д. - М.: Химия, 1984. - pp. 245 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 83 [Russian]
Репинская И.Б., Шварцберг М.С. Избранные методы синтеза органических соединений. - Новосибирск, 2000. - pp. 119 [Russian]
Ситтиг М. Натрий, его производство, свойства и применение. - М.: ГИЛОАНТ, 1961. - pp. 205-208 [Russian]
Физер Л., Физер М. Реагенты для органического синтеза. - Т. 1: А-Е. - М., 1970. - pp. 381-382 [Russian]
Хайош А. Комплексные гидриды в органической химии. - Л.: Химия, 1971. - pp. 53-64 [Russian]
Химическая технология неорганических веществ. - Кн.1, под ред. Ахметова Т.Г. - М.: Высшая школа, 2002. - pp. 56-62 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 1. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1988. - pp. 308 [Russian]
Химический энциклопедический словарь. - Под ред. Кнунянц И.Л. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1983. - pp. 361 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru