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Properties of substance:

propionic acid

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C3H6O2

Structural formula as text:

CH3CH2COOH

Molar/atomic mass: 74.079

Melting point (°C):

-20.8

Boiling point (°C):

141.1

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

ammonia liquid : soluble [Ref.]
chloroform: miscible [Ref.]
diethyl ether: miscible [Ref.]
ethanol: miscible [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : very soluble [Ref.]
water: miscible [Ref.]

Density:

0.992 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions:

  1. Yeild 80%. [Ref.1]
    C6H5COCl + C2H5COOH → C6H5COOH + C2H5COCl

Refractive index (nD):

1.3874 (20°C)

Vapour pressure (Torr):

1 (4.6°C)
10 (39.7°C)
40 (65.8°C)
100 (85.1°C)
400 (122°C)

Dissociation:

pKa (1) = 4.874 (25°C, water)
pKa (1) = 7.02 (20°C, formamide)

Dipole moment (D):

1.75 (20°C)

Viscosity (mPa·s):

1.102 (20°C)

Surface tension (mN/m):

26.7 (20°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-510.7 (l)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

191 (l)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

152.8 (l)

Heat of combustion (kJ/mol):

1536.4

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-455.7 (g)

LD50 (mg/kg):

1510 (white rats, oral)
1370 (white mice, oral)

Critical temperature (°C):

388.5

Critical pressure (MPa):

5.36

References:

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-24
  2. Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 186-193
  3. Альберт А., Сержент Е. Константы ионизации кислот и оснований. - М.-Л.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 118 [Russian]
  4. Березов Т.Т., Коровкин Б.Ф. Биологическая химия. - М.: Медицина, 1988. - pp. 377-378 [Russian]
  5. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 176 [Russian]
  6. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 389 [Russian]
  7. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 4. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1995. - pp. 107-108 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru