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Properties of substance:
ethane
Group of substances:
organic
Physical appearance:
colorless gas
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
C
2
H
6
Structural formula as text:
CH3CH3
Molar/atomic mass: 30.07
Melting point (°C):
-182.81
Boiling point (°C):
-88.63
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
acetone
: 0.712 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
acetone
: 0.575 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
acetone
: 0.473 (40°C) [
Ref.
]
amyl acetate
: 0.516 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
benzene
: 0.735 (10°C) [
Ref.
]
benzene
: 0.664 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
benzene
: 0.513 (50°C) [
Ref.
]
carbon tetrachloride
: 0.628 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
carbon tetrachloride
: 0.478 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
cyclohexanol
: 0.096 (26°C) [
Ref.
]
dimethylformamide
: 0.21 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
ethanol
: 0.078 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
ethyl acetate
: 0.455 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
heptane
: 0.846 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
hexane
: 0.646 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
methanol
: 0.36 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
methyl acetate
: 0.61 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
methyl acetate
: 0.497 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
methyl acetate
: 0.411 (40°C) [
Ref.
]
monochlorbenzene
: 0.581 (0°C) [
Ref.
]
monochlorbenzene
: 0.457 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
monochlorbenzene
: 0.372 (40°C) [
Ref.
]
oxygen liquid
: 13.8 [
Ref.
]
perfluoro-n-heptane
: 0.0001573 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
perfluorotributylamine
: 0.1838 (13.55°C) [
Ref.
]
perfluorotributylamine
: 0.1645 (20.6°C) [
Ref.
]
perfluorotributylamine
: 0.1542 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
perfluorotributylamine
: 0.1416 (30.89°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.01083 (4.99°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.007413 (14.99°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.00653 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.0058 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.00568 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.00501 (30°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.00449 (35°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.0024 (60°C) [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Interatomic distances (in pm): 110
Interatomic distances (in pm): 154
Density:
0.572 (-100°C, d
4
)
Reactions of synthesis:
[
Ref.1
]
CH
3
CH
2
COONa + NaOH → C
2
H
6
+ Na
2
CO
3
Yeild 93,5%. [
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
2CH
3
COONa + 2H
2
O → C
2
H
6
+ 2CO
2
+ 2NaOH + H
2
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
2CH
3
COOK + 2H
2
O → C
2
H
6
+ 2CO
2
+ 2KOH + H
2
Reactions:
Ethane is brominated by tribromomethane or tetrabromomethane in the presence of aluminum bromide for 6 h at 55-65 °C form ethylbromide. Yeild 60%. [
Ref.1
]
C
2
H
6
+ CHBr
3
→ C
2
H
5
Br + CH
2
Br
2
Yeild 20%. [
Ref.1
]
C
2
H
6
+ 2PCl
3
+ O
2
→ C
2
H
5
P(O)Cl
2
+ POCl
3
+ HCl
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.0069 (-183°C)
1 (-159°C)
10 (-142.9°C)
40 (-129.8°C)
100 (-119.3°C)
400 (-99.7°C)
Dissociation:
pK
a
(1) = 42 (20°C, water)
Speed sound (m/s):
308 (10°C, aggregative state - gas)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H (298 K, kJ/mol)
-84.67 (g) [
Ref.
]
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G (298 K, kJ/mol)
-32.89 (g) [
Ref.
]
Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))
229.49 (g) [
Ref.
]
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298 K, J/(mol·K))
52.65 (g) [
Ref.
]
Enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol)
2.86 (s) [
Ref.
]
Heat of combustion (kJ/mol)
1541.4 (g) [
Ref.
]
Critical temperature (°C):
32.27
Critical pressure (MPa):
4.89
Critical density (g/cm
3
):
0.2045
References:
Raff A.M. Experimental determination of the solubilities of ethane in selected n-paraffin solvents. - Dissertation. - Oklahoma, 1989
Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 126-127
Yalkowsky S.H., Yan H., Jain P. Handbook of aqueous solubility data. – 2nd ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 39-40
Гордон А., Форд Р. Спутник химика. - М.: Мир, 1976. - pp. 77 [Russian]
Каррер П. Курс органической химии. - Л.: ГНТИХЛ, 1960. - pp. 40 [Russian]
Промышленные хлорорганические продукты: Справочник. - М.: Химия, 1978. - pp. 599-601 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 197 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 384 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.2. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1962. - pp. 1024, 1201-1203 [Russian]
Справочник химика. - 2 изд., Т.1. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1966. - pp. 621 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 491 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru