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Properties of substance:

tetrachlorosilane

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Cl4Si

Structural formula as text:

SiCl4

Molar/atomic mass: 169.9

Melting point (°C):

-68.9

Boiling point (°C):

57

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

chlorine liquid: 40.45 (0°C) [Ref.]
iodine monochloride: very soluble [Ref.]
phosphorus(V) trichloride oxide: very soluble [Ref.]
water: reaction [Ref.]

Numerical data:

Year of discovery: 1824

Density:

1.48 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1]
    Si + Cl2 → SiCl4

Reactions:

  1. Yeild 96,9%. [Ref.1, Ref.2, Ref.3aster]
    SiCl4 + 4CH3COOH → (CH3COO)4Si + 4HCl
  2. Yeild 85%. [Ref.1]
    SiCl4 + 4AgOCN → Si(NCO)4 + 4AgCl

Refractive index (nD):

1.412 (20°C)

Vapour pressure (Torr):

1 (-63.4°C)
10 (-34.6°C)
100 (5.3°C)

Permittivity (dielectric constant):

2.4 (16°C)

Dipole moment (D):

0 (20°C)

Surface tension (mN/m):

19.71 (20°C)

Speed sound (m/s):

766.2 (30°C, aggregative state - liquid)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-687.8 (l)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

239.7 (l)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

145.3 (l)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

7.71

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol):

28.62

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-657.5 (g)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-617.6 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

331 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

90.4 (g)

Critical temperature (°C):

233

Critical pressure (MPa):

3.75

Critical density (g/cm3):

0.584

References:

  1. Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 1487
  2. Андрианов К.А. Кремнийорганические соединения. - М.: ГНТИХЛ, 1955. - pp. 73-74 [Russian]
  3. Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.3. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 302-303 [Russian]
  4. Девяткин В.В., Ляхова Ю.М. Химия для любознательных, или о чем не узнаешь на уроке. - Ярославль: Академия Холдинг, 2000. - pp. 49 [Russian]
  5. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 600 [Russian]
  6. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 75 [Russian]
  7. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 875-878 [Russian]
  8. Фурман А.А. Неорганические хлориды (химия и технология). - М.: Химия, 1980. - pp. 180-206 [Russian]
  9. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 280 [Russian]
  10. Якименко Л.М. Производство хлора, каустической соды и неорганических хлорпродуктов. - М.: Химия, 1974. - pp. 530-543 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru