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Properties of substance:

hydrogen iodide

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless gas

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

HI

Structural formula as text:

HI

Molar/atomic mass: 127.91

Melting point (°C):

-50.8

Boiling point (°C):

-35.36

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

ethanol: soluble [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : insoluble [Ref.]
water: 234 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 132.5 (127°C) [Ref.]

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

water 90.107%, hydrogen iodide 9.8%, silver iodide 0.093%, 25 °C [Ref.]
water 79.4%, hydrogen iodide 18.9%, silver iodide 1.7%, 25 °C [Ref.]
water 71.46%, hydrogen iodide 23.5%, silver iodide 5.04%, 25 °C [Ref.]
water 61.4%, hydrogen iodide 27.2%, silver iodide 11.4%, 25 °C [Ref.]
water 46.6%, hydrogen iodide 30.7%, silver iodide 22.7%, 25 °C [Ref.]
water 33.6%, hydrogen iodide 32.6%, silver iodide 33.8%, 25 °C [Ref.]
water 19.%, hydrogen iodide 37.1%, silver iodide 43.9%, 25 °C [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

48,5% (wt.), solvent - water
  Freezing point (°C) = -82.4
65% (wt.), solvent - water
  Density (g/cm3) = 1.901 (20°)

Interatomic distances and bond angles:

Interatomic distances (in pm): 160,9 (H-I)
Bond dissociation energie (kJ/mol): 294,66 (H-I)

Numerical data:

Polarizability of molecules (nm3): 0.0055

Density:

2.86 (-50.8°C, g/cm3)
0.005789 (0°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1aster, Ref.2aster, Ref.3aster, Ref.4aster, Ref.5aster, Ref.6]
    H2 + I2 → 2HI
  2. [Ref.1aster, Ref.2aster, Ref.3aster, Ref.4aster]
    2P + 5I2 + 8H2O → 2H3PO4 + 10HI
  3. [Ref.1aster, Ref.2aster, Ref.3aster]
    H2S + I2 → 2HI + S
  4. [Ref.1]
    KI + H3PO4 → HI + KH2PO4

Reactions:

  1. [Ref.1]
    2HI → H2 + I2
  2. [Ref.1]
    Hg + 4HI → H2[HgI4] + H2
  3. [Ref.1]
    2Cu + 4HI → 2H[CuI2] + H2
  4. [Ref.1aster]
    KHCO3 + HI → KI + CO2 + H2O
  5. [Ref.1, Ref.2]
    4HI + O2 → 2I2 + 2H2O
  6. [Ref.1]
    2Ag + 4HI → 2H[AgI2] + H2

Vapour pressure (Torr):

1 (-123.1°C)
5 (-109.6°C)
10 (-102.3°C)
20 (-94.5°C)
100 (-72.4°C)
200 (-60.3°C)
400 (-48.3°C)

Dissociation:

pKa (1) = -11 (25°C, water)
pKa (1) = 5.8 (25°C, acetic acid)

Permittivity (dielectric constant):

1.00212 (22°C)

Dipole moment (D):

0.42 (20°C)

Speed sound (m/s):

157 (0°C, aggregative state - gas)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

26.57 (g)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

1.78 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

206.48 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

29.15 (g)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

2.87

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization at boiling point ΔvapH (kJ/mol)

19.76 (l) [Ref.]

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol)

17.36 (l) [25°C] [Ref.]

Critical temperature (°C):

150.7

Critical pressure (MPa):

8.31

References:

  1. Inorganic Syntheses. - Vol. 1. - New York and London, 1939. - pp. 157-162
  2. Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 580-581
  3. Девятых Г.Г., Зорин А.Д. Летучие неорганические гидриды особой чистоты. - М.: Наука, 1974. - pp. 179-190 [Russian]
  4. Неводные растворители. - М.: Химия, 1971. - pp. 81 [Russian]
  5. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 65 [Russian]
  6. Рапопорт Ф.М., Ильинская А.А. Лабораторные методы получения чистых газов. - М., 1963. - pp. 145-150 [Russian]
  7. Реми Г. Курс неорганической химии. - Т.1. - М., 1963. - pp. 839-843, 846-847 [Russian]
  8. Спицын В.И., Мартыненко Л.И. Неорганическая химия. - Ч.1. - М.: ИМУ, 1991. - pp. 57, 59-60 [Russian]
  9. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 345 [Russian]
  10. Химическая технология неорганических веществ. - Кн.2, под ред. Ахметова Т.Г. - М.: Высшая школа, 2002. - pp. 365-367 [Russian]
  11. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 2. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1990. - pp. 253 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru