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Properties of substance:

hydrazoic acid

Synonyms:

hydrogen azide

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless mobile liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

HN3

Structural formula as text:

HN=N≡N

Molar/atomic mass: 43.03

Melting point (°C):

-80

Boiling point (°C):

36

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

ethanol: miscible [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : insoluble [Ref.]
water: miscible [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

70% (wt.), solvent - water
  Detonation velocity (m/s) = 7300.

Interatomic distances and bond angles:

Interatomic distances (in pm): 124 (N(1)-N(2))
Interatomic distances (in pm): 113 (N(2)-N(3))
Interatomic distances (in pm): 98 (H-N)
Bond angles (in degrees): 114 (H-N-N)

Numerical data:

Year of discovery: 1890
Detonation velocity (m/s): 8100

Density:

1.13 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1aster]
    NaN3 + H2SO4 → HN3 + NaHSO4

Reactions:

  1. Yeild 70-83%. [Ref.1]
    HOOC(CH2)4COOH + 2HN3 → H2N(CH2)4NH2 + 2N2 + 2CO2
  2. Yeild 100%. [Ref.1]
    NOF2[SbF6] + 2HN3 → N5[SbF6] + 2HF + N2O
  3. Yeild 46%. [Ref.1, Ref.2]
    CH2(COOH)2 + HN3 → NH2CH2COOH + N2 + CO2
  4. Yeild 74%. [Ref.1aster]
    NH3 + HN3 → NH4N3
  5. [Ref.1aster]
    HN3 + KOH → KN3 + H2O
  6. [Ref.1]
    CH2=CHCOOH + HN3 + H2O → CH3COCOOH + NH3 + N2
  7. [Ref.1aster]
    Cu + 4HN3 → Cu(N3)2 + NH4N3 + N2

Vapour pressure (Torr):

1 (-72.8°C)
10 (-44.9°C)
100 (-8.1°C)

Electrode potential:

3N2 + 2H+ + 2e- → 2HN3, E = -3.1 V (water, 25°C)
HN3 + 3H+ + 2e- → NH4+ + N2, E = 1.96 V (water, 25°C)

Dissociation:

pKBH+ (1) = -7.02 (°C, water)
pKa (1) = 4.59 (25°C, water)

Dipole moment (D):

0.85 (20°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

294 (g)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

328 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

238.8 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

43.68 (g)

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol):

30

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

264 (l)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

327.3 (l)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

140.6 (l)

LD50 (mg/kg):

22 (mice, intraperitoneal)

References:

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-13
  2. Encyclopedia of inorganic chemistry. - editor R. Bruce King, 2 Ed., 10 volume set. - 2005
  3. Holleman A.F., Wiberg E., Wiberg N. Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie. - Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1995. - pp. 680-682
  4. Inorganic Syntheses. - Vol. 1. - New York and London, 1939. - pp. 77-79
  5. Matyas R., Pachman J. Primary Explosives. - Springer, 2013. - pp. 71-72
  6. Багал Л.И. Химия и технология инициирующих взрывчатых веществ. - М., 1975. - pp. 136-153 [Russian]
  7. Волынец В.Ф., Волынец М.П. Аналитическая химия азота. - М.: Наука, 1977. - pp. 19, 24 [Russian]
  8. Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.3. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 98-99 [Russian]
  9. Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.1. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 405-406 [Russian]
  10. Досон Р., Эллиот Д., Эллиот У., Джонс К. Справочник биохимика. - М.: Мир, 1991. - pp. 251 [Russian]
  11. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 405 [Russian]
  12. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 51 [Russian]
  13. Справочник химика. - 2 изд., Т.1. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1966. - pp. 607 [Russian]
  14. Физер Л., Физер М. Реагенты для органического синтеза. - Т. 1: А-Е. - М., 1970. - pp. 25-28 [Russian]
  15. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 1. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1988. - pp. 61 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru