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Properties of substance:
tantalum
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
gray cubic metal
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
Ta
Structural formula as text:
Ta
Molar/atomic mass: 180.95
Melting point (°C):
3015
Boiling point (°C):
5500
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
gallium
: 0.01 (450°C) [
Ref.
]
gallium
: 1.3 (800°C) [
Ref.
]
mercury
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
water
: sparingly soluble [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1802
Superconducting temperature (K): 4.46
Density:
16.6 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions:
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
,
Ref.3
]
2Ta + 5F
2
→ 2TaF
5
Half-life:
155
73
Ta = 3.2 ms (p (100%))
156
73
Ta = 106 ms (p (71%), β
+
(29%))
156m
73
Ta = 360 ms (β
+
(95.8%), p (4.2%))
157
73
Ta = 10.1 ms ()
158
73
Ta = 49 ms (α (96%))
158m
73
Ta = 36.0 ms (α (95%))
158n
73
Ta = 6.1 μs (internal transition (98.6%), α (1.4%))
159
73
Ta = 1.04 s (α (34%))
159m
73
Ta = 560 ms (α (55%))
160
73
Ta = 1.70 s ()
160m
73
Ta = 1.55 s ()
161m
73
Ta = 3.08 s ()
162
73
Ta = 3.57 s (β
+
(about 100%), α (0.074%))
163
73
Ta = 10.6 s (β
+
(about 100%), α (about 0.2%))
164
73
Ta = 14.2 s (β
+
(100%))
165
73
Ta = 31.0 s (β
+
(100%))
166
73
Ta = 34.4 s (β
+
(100%))
167
73
Ta = 1.33 min (β
+
(100%))
168
73
Ta = 2.0 min (β
+
(100%))
169
73
Ta = 4.9 min (β
+
(100%))
170
73
Ta = 6.76 min (β
+
(100%))
171
73
Ta = 23.3 min (β
+
(100%))
172
73
Ta = 36.8 min (β
+
(100%))
173
73
Ta = 3.14 h (β
+
(100%))
174
73
Ta = 1.14 h (β
+
(100%))
175
73
Ta = 10.5 h (β
+
(100%))
176
73
Ta = 8.09 h (β
+
(100%))
176m
73
Ta = 1.08 ms (internal transition (100%))
176n
73
Ta = 3.8 μs (internal transition (100%))
176p
73
Ta = 970 μs (internal transition (100%))
177
73
Ta = 56.56 h (β
+
(100%))
177m
73
Ta = 410 ns (internal transition (100%))
177n
73
Ta = 3.62 μs (internal transition (100%))
177p
73
Ta = 5.31 μs (internal transition (100%))
177q
73
Ta = 133 μs (internal transition (100%))
178
73
Ta = 2.36 h (β
+
(100%))
178m
73
Ta = 9.31 min (β
+
(100%))
178n
73
Ta = 59 ms (internal transition (100%))
178p
73
Ta = 290 ms (internal transition (100%))
179
73
Ta = 1.82 y (electron capture (100%))
179m
73
Ta = 1.42 μs (internal transition (100%))
179n
73
Ta = 280 ns (internal transition (100%))
179p
73
Ta = 322 ns (internal transition (100%))
179q
73
Ta = 9.0 ms (internal transition (100%))
179r
73
Ta = 1.6 μs (internal transition (100%))
179x
73
Ta = 54.1 ms (internal transition (100%))
180
73
Ta = 8.154 h (electron capture (85%), β
+
(15%))
180m
73
Ta = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,01201%))
180n
73
Ta = 31.2 μs (internal transition (100%))
180p
73
Ta = 2.0 μs (internal transition (100%))
180q
73
Ta = 17 μs (internal transition (100%))
181
73
Ta = stable ( (isotopic abundance 99,98799%))
181m
73
Ta = 6.05 μs (internal transition (100%))
181n
73
Ta = 18 μs (internal transition (100%))
181p
73
Ta = 140 ns (internal transition (100%))
181q
73
Ta = 25.2 μs (internal transition (100%))
181r
73
Ta = 210 μs (internal transition (100%))
182
73
Ta = 114.74 d (β
-
(100%))
182m
73
Ta = 283 ms (internal transition (100%))
182n
73
Ta = 15.84 min (internal transition (100%))
183
73
Ta = 5.1 d (β
-
(100%))
183m
73
Ta = 106 ns (internal transition (100%))
183n
73
Ta = 900 ns (internal transition (100%))
184
73
Ta = 8.7 h (β
-
(100%))
185
73
Ta = 49.4 min (β
-
(100%))
185m
73
Ta = 900 ns (internal transition (100%))
185n
73
Ta = 11.8 ms (internal transition (100%))
186
73
Ta = 10.5 min (β
-
(100%))
186m
73
Ta = 1.54 min ()
187
73
Ta = 2.3 min ()
187m
73
Ta = 22 s ()
188
73
Ta = 19.6 s (β
-
(100%))
188m
73
Ta = 3.6 μs (internal transition (100%))
189m
73
Ta = 1.6 μs (internal transition (100%))
190
73
Ta = 5.3 s (β
-
(100%))
190m
73
Ta = 42 ns (internal transition (100%))
192
73
Ta = 2.2 s (β
-
(100%))
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.0000000031 (1927°C)
0.01 (3056°C)
0.1 (3352°C)
1 (3705°C)
10 (4135°C)
100 (4680°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
41.5 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
25.36 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
34.7
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
744.8
References:
Гибало И.М. Аналитическая химия ниобия и тантала. - М.: Наука, 1967. - pp. 5-16 [Russian]
Ниобий и тантал. - М.: Металлургия, 1990 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 102 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 4. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1995. - pp. 494-495 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru
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