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Properties of substance:
tellurium
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
trigonal crystals
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
Te
Structural formula as text:
Te
Molar/atomic mass: 127.6
Melting point (°C):
449.8
Boiling point (°C):
990
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
carbon disulphide
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
hydrogen fluoride
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
iodine liquid
: soluble [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 0.01 (20°C) [
Ref.
]
methylene iodide
: 0.1 (12°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1782
Hardness on the Mohs’ scale: 2.5
Density:
6.25 (25°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions:
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
Te + 3F
2
→ TeF
6
[
Ref.1
]
Au + 2Te → AuTe
2
[
Ref.1
]
2Na + Te → Na
2
Te
[
Ref.1
]
2K + Te → K
2
Te
[
Ref.1
]
2K + Te → K
2
Te
Half-life:
105
52
Te = 633 ns (α (about 100%))
106
52
Te = 78 μs (α (100%))
107
52
Te = 3.1 ms (α (70%))
108
52
Te = 2.1 s (β
+
(51%), α (49%), β
+
p (2.4%))
109
52
Te = 4.6 s (β
+
(96.1%), α (3.9%))
110
52
Te = 18.6 s (β
+
(about 100%), α )
111
52
Te = 26.2 s (β
+
(100%))
112
52
Te = 2.0 min (β
+
(100%))
113
52
Te = 1.7 min (β
+
(100%))
114
52
Te = 15.2 min (β
+
(100%))
115
52
Te = 5.8 min (β
+
(100%))
115m
52
Te = 6.7 min (β
+
(about 100%))
115n
52
Te = 7.5 μs (internal transition (100%))
116
52
Te = 2.49 h (β
+
(100%))
117
52
Te = 62 min (electron capture (75%), β
+
(25%))
118
52
Te = 6.00 d (electron capture (100%))
119
52
Te = 16.05 h (electron capture (97.94%), β
+
(2.06%))
119m
52
Te = 4.70 d (electron capture (99.59%), β
+
(0.41%))
120
52
Te = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,09%))
121
52
Te = 19.17 d (β
+
(100%))
121m
52
Te = 164.2 d (internal transition (88.6%), β
+
(11.4%))
122
52
Te = stable ( (isotopic abundance 2,55%))
123
52
Te = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,89%))
123m
52
Te = 119.2 d (internal transition (100%))
124
52
Te = stable (mass excess -90524,5 keV (isotopic abundance 4,74%))
125
52
Te = stable (mass excess -89022,2 keV (isotopic abundance 7,07%))
125m
52
Te = 57.40 d (internal transition (100%))
126
52
Te = stable ( (isotopic abundance 18,84%))
127
52
Te = 9.35 h (β
-
(100%))
128
52
Te = 2.2 · 10
24
y (2β (100%); mass excess -88992,1 keV (isotopic abundance 31,74%))
129
52
Te = 69.6 min (β (100%); mass excess -87003,2 keV)
130
52
Te = 7.9 · 10
20
y (2β (100%); mass excess -87351,4 keV (isotopic abundance 34,08%))
131
52
Te = 25 min (β (100%))
131m
52
Te = 30 h (β (77.8%), ИП (22.2%))
132
52
Te = 3.204 d (β (100%))
132m
52
Te = 145 ns (internal transition (100%))
132n
52
Te = 28.1 μs (internal transition (100%))
132p
52
Te = 3.70 μs (internal transition (100%))
133
52
Te = 12.5 min (β
-
(100%))
133m
52
Te = 55.4 min (β
-
(83.5%), internal transition (16.5%))
133n
52
Te = 100 ns (internal transition (100%))
134
52
Te = 41.8 min (β
-
(100%))
134m
52
Te = 164.1 ns (internal transition (100%))
135
52
Te = 19.0 s (β
-
(100%))
135m
52
Te = 511 ns (internal transition (100%))
136
52
Te = 17.63 s (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (1.31%))
137
52
Te = 2.49 s (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (2.99%))
138
52
Te = 1.4 s (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (6.3%))
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.00001 (254°C)
0.0001 (289°C)
0.001 (329°C)
0.01 (376°C)
0.1 (432°C)
1 (517°C)
10 (632°C)
100 (792°C)
Electrode potential:
Te + 2H
+
+ 2e
-
→ H
2
Te
(aq)
, E = -0.464 V (water, °C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
49.5 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
25.77 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
17.5
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
51
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
215.6 (g)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
182.6 (g)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
20.786 (g)
References:
Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 1526
Вредные химические вещества: Неорганические соединения элементов V-VIII групп. Справочник. - Л., 1989. - pp. 288-289 [Russian]
Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.2. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 100-118 [Russian]
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 51 [Russian]
Девяткин В.В., Ляхова Ю.М. Химия для любознательных, или о чем не узнаешь на уроке. - Ярославль: Академия Холдинг, 2000. - pp. 83 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 103 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 617 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 4. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1995. - pp. 513-515 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru