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Properties of substance:
tin white
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
white tetragonal metal
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
Sn
Structural formula as text:
Sn
Molar/atomic mass: 118.69
Melting point (°C):
231.9
Boiling point (°C):
2620
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
hydrazine
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 0.62 (18°C) [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Superconducting temperature (K): 3.722
Density:
7.29 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
6.98 (232°C, d
4
)
Half-life:
100
50
Sn = 1.1 s (β
+
(100%))
101
50
Sn = 3 s (β
+
(100%))
102
50
Sn = 4.6 s (β
+
(100%))
102m
50
Sn = 720 ns (internal transition (100%))
103
50
Sn = 7 s (β
+
(100%))
104
50
Sn = 20.8 s (β
+
(100%))
105
50
Sn = 34 s (β
+
(100%))
106
50
Sn = 1.92 min (β
+
(100%))
107
50
Sn = 2.90 min (β
+
(100%))
108
50
Sn = 10.30 min (β
+
(100%))
109
50
Sn = 18.0 min (β
+
(100%))
110
50
Sn = 4.11 hasа (electron capture (100%))
111
50
Sn = 35.3 min (β
+
(100%))
111m
50
Sn = 12.5 μs ()
112
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,97%))
113
50
Sn = 115.09 d (β
+
(100%))
113m
50
Sn = 21.4 min (internal transition (91.1%), β
+
(8.9%))
114
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,66%))
114m
50
Sn = 733 ns (internal transition (100%))
115
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,34%))
115m
50
Sn = 3.26 μs (internal transition (100%))
115n
50
Sn = 159 μs (internal transition (100%))
116
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 14,54%))
117
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 7,68%))
117m
50
Sn = 13.76 d (internal transition (100%))
118
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 24,22%))
119
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 8,59%))
119m
50
Sn = 293.1 d (internal transition (100%))
120
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 32,58%))
120m
50
Sn = 11.8 μs (internal transition (100%))
120n
50
Sn = 6.26 μs (internal transition (100%))
121
50
Sn = 27.03 h (β
-
(100%))
121m
50
Sn = 43.9 y (internal transition (77.6%), β
-
(22.4%))
121n
50
Sn = 5.3 μs (internal transition (100%))
122
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 4,63%))
123
50
Sn = 129.2 d (β
-
(100%))
123m
50
Sn = 40.06 min (β
-
(100%))
124
50
Sn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 5,79%))
124m
50
Sn = 3.1 μs (internal transition (100%))
124n
50
Sn = 45 μs (internal transition (100%))
125
50
Sn = 9.64 d (β
-
(100%))
125m
50
Sn = 9.52 min (β
-
(100%))
126
50
Sn = 230 000 y (β
-
(100%))
126m
50
Sn = 6.6 μs (internal transition (100%))
126n
50
Sn = 7.7 μs (internal transition (100%))
127
50
Sn = 2.10 h (β
-
(100%))
127m
50
Sn = 4.13 min (β
-
(100%))
128
50
Sn = 59.07 min (β
-
(100%))
128m
50
Sn = 6.5 s (internal transition (100%))
129
50
Sn = 2.23 min (β
-
(100%))
129m
50
Sn = 6.9 min (β
-
(about 100%), internal transition (0.002%))
130
50
Sn = 3.72 min (β
-
(100%))
130m
50
Sn = 1.7 min (β
-
(100%))
131
50
Sn = 56 s (β
-
(100%))
131m
50
Sn = 58.4 s (β
-
(100%))
132
50
Sn = 39.7 s (β
-
(100%))
133
50
Sn = 1.45 s (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (0.0294%))
134
50
Sn = 1.12 s (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (17%))
135
50
Sn = 530 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (21%))
136
50
Sn = 250 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (30%))
137
50
Sn = 190 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (58%))
138
50
Sn = 148 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (36%))
139
50
Sn = 120 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (?%))
99
50
Sn = 24 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (5.3%))
Electrode potential:
Sn
2+
+ 2e
-
→ Sn, E = -0.136 V (water, 25°C)
Sn
4+
+ 2e
-
→ Sn
2+
, E = 0.151 V (water, 25°C)
Sn
4+
+ e
-
→ Sn
3+
, E = 0.7 V (water, 25°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
51.55 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
26 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
7.2
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
296.1
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
302 (g)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
168.4 (g)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
21.3 (g)
References:
Dean J.A. Lange's handbook of chemistry. - 1999. - pp. 3.56
Гринвуд Н., Эрншо А. Химия элементов. - Т.1. - М.: БИНОМ. Лаборатория знаний, 2008. - pp. 349, 351 [Russian]
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 51 [Russian]
Методы элементоорганической химии: Германий, олово, свинец. - М.: Наука, 1968. - pp. 183 [Russian]
Неорганические синтезы. - Сб. 1. - М.: ИИЛ, 1951. - pp. 10 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 88 [Russian]
Реми Г. Курс неорганической химии. - Т.1. - М., 1963. - pp. 570-573 [Russian]
Спиваковский В.Б. Аналитическая химия олова. - М.: Наука, 1975. - pp. 9-12 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 596 [Russian]
Успехи химии. - 1997. - Т.66, №2. - pp. 112 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 3. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1992. - pp. 382-384 [Russian]
Энциклопедия для детей. - Т.17: Химия. - М.: Аванта+, 2004. - pp. 216 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru
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