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Properties of substance:
zinc
Group of substances:
inorganic
Physical appearance:
hexagonal metal
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
Zn
Structural formula as text:
Zn
Molar/atomic mass: 65.38
Melting point (°C):
419.58
Boiling point (°C):
906.2
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
hydrazine
: insoluble [
Ref.
]
mercury
: 2.2 (18°C) [
Ref.
]
water
: 0.000072 (25°C) [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Superconducting temperature (K): 0.851
Density:
7.133 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
6.66 (419.5°C, d
4
)
6.59 (500°C, g/cm
3
)
6.4 (800°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions:
[
Ref.1
]
Zn + H
2
O → ZnO + H
2
Yeild 75-81%. [
Ref.1
]
C
6
H
5
COCH
3
+ CH
3
CHBrCOOC
2
H
5
+ Zn → C
6
H
5
C(CH
3
)(OZnBr)CH(CH
3
)COOC
2
H
5
C
6
H
5
C(CH
3
)(OZnBr)CH(CH
3
)COOC
2
H
5
+ H
2
SO
4
→ C
6
H
5
C(CH
3
)(OH)CH(CH
3
)COOC
2
H
5
+ ZnSO
4
+ HBr
Yeild 93%. [
Ref.1
]
C
6
H
5
Br + 2NH
4
Cl + Zn → C
6
H
6
+ ZnCl
2
+ NH
4
Br + NH
3
Yeild 96%. [
Ref.1
]
HOC
6
H
5
Cl + NH
4
Cl + Zn → HOC
6
H
6
+ ZnCl
2
+ NH
3
Yeild 95%. [
Ref.1
]
CH
3
(CH
2
)
5
Br + 2NH
4
Cl + Zn → CH
3
(CH
2
)
4
CH
3
+ ZnCl
2
+ NH
4
Br + NH
3
Yeild 90%. [
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
C
6
H
5
COCH
2
CH
2
COOH + 2Zn + 4HCl → C
6
H
5
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
COOH + 2ZnCl
2
+ H
2
O
[
Ref.1
]
4Zn + 10HNO
3
(0,5%) → 4Zn(NO
3
)
2
+ NH
4
NO
3
+ 3H
2
O
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
5Zn + 12HNO
3
(6-10%) → 5Zn(NO
3
)
2
+ N
2
+ 6H
2
O
[
Ref.1
]
4Zn + 10HNO
3
(20%) → 4Zn(NO
3
)
2
+ N
2
O + 5H
2
O
[
Ref.1
]
3Zn + 8HNO
3
(40%) → 3Zn(NO
3
)
2
+ 2NO + 4H
2
O
[
Ref.1
]
3Zn + 8HNO
3
(40%) → 3Zn(NO
3
)
2
+ 2NO + 4H
2
O
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
Zn + 4HNO
3
(68%) → Zn(NO
3
)
2
+ 2NO
2
+ 2H
2
O
[
Ref.1
]
Zn + 2NaOH + 2H
2
O → Na
2
[Zn(OH)
4
] + H
2
[
Ref.1
]
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl
2
+ H
2
[
Ref.1
,
Ref.2
]
Zn + H
2
SO
4
→ ZnSO
4
+ H
2
Half-life:
54
30
Zn = 1.8 ms (2p (87%))
55
30
Zn = 19.8 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (91%))
56
30
Zn = 32.9 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (88%))
57
30
Zn = 38 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (about 65%))
58
30
Zn = 86.7 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p)
59
30
Zn = 182.0 ms (β
+
(100%), β
+
p (0.1%))
60
30
Zn = 2.38 min (β
+
(100%))
61
30
Zn = 89.1 s (β
+
(100%))
62
30
Zn = 9.193 h (β
+
(100%))
63
30
Zn = 38.47 min (β
+
(100%))
64
30
Zn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 49,17%))
65
30
Zn = 243.93 d (β
+
(100%))
65m
30
Zn = 1.6 μs (internal transition (100%))
66
30
Zn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 27,73%))
67
30
Zn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 4,04%))
67m
30
Zn = 9.19 μs (internal transition (100%))
67n
30
Zn = 333 ns (internal transition (100%))
68
30
Zn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 18,45%))
69
30
Zn = 56.4 min (β
-
(100%))
69m
30
Zn = 13.756 h (internal transition (about 100%), β
-
(0.033%))
70
30
Zn = stable ( (isotopic abundance 0,61%))
71
30
Zn = 2.45 min (β
-
(100%))
71m
30
Zn = 4.125 h (β
-
(100%), internal transition)
72
30
Zn = 46.5 h (β
-
(100%))
73
30
Zn = 23.5 s (β
-
(100%))
73m
30
Zn = 13.0 ms (internal transition (100%))
73n
30
Zn = 5.8 s ()
74
30
Zn = 95.6 s (β
-
(100%))
75
30
Zn = 10.2 s (β
-
(100%))
76
30
Zn = 5.7 s (β
-
(100%))
77
30
Zn = 2.08 s (β
-
(100%))
77m
30
Zn = 1.05 s (β
-
(66%), internal transition (34%))
78
30
Zn = 1.47 s (β
-
(100%))
78m
30
Zn = 320 ns (internal transition (100%))
79
30
Zn = 746 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (1.7%))
80
30
Zn = 562.2 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (1.0%))
81
30
Zn = 303.2 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (9.1%))
82
30
Zn = 177.9 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n (69%))
83
30
Zn = 119 ms (β
-
(100%), β
-
n )
Vapour pressure (Torr):
0.01 (345°C)
0.1 (408°C)
1 (490°C)
10 (596°C)
100 (738°C)
Electrode potential:
Zn
2+
+ e
-
→ Zn
+
, E = -2.3 V (water, 25°C)
Zn
2+
+ e
-
→ Zn, E = -1.05 V (formic acid, 25°C)
Zn
2+
+ e
-
→ Zn, E = -0.76 V (water, 25°C)
Zn
2+
+ e
-
→ Zn, E = -0.74 V (methanol, 25°C)
Zn
2+
+ e
-
→ Zn, E = -0.74 V (acetonitrile, 25°C)
Zn
2+
+ e
-
→ Zn, E = -0.64 V (ethanol, 25°C)
Zn
2+
+ e
-
→ Zn, E = -0.53 V (ammonia liquid , -50°C)
Surface tension (mN/m):
780 (419.5°C)
778 (500°C)
764 (600°C)
754 (670°C)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation Δ
f
G
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
0 (s)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
41.63 (s)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
25.44 (s)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
7.24
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
115.3
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
130.5 (g)
Standard molar entropy S
0
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
160.9 (g)
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure C
p
(298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):
20.8 (g)
References:
Герасимов Я.И., Древинг В.П., Еремин Е.Н.. Киселев А.В., Лебедев В.П., Панченков Г.М., Шлыгин А.И. Курс физической химии. - Т.2. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 528 [Russian]
Гурвич Я.А. Справочник молодого аппаратчика-химика. - М.: Химия, 1991. - pp. 52 [Russian]
Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 62 [Russian]
Неорганические синтезы. - Сб. 1. - М.: ИИЛ, 1951. - pp. 10 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 112 [Russian]
Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 593-594 [Russian]
Успехи химии. - 1997. - Т.66, №2. - pp. 112 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 377-379 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru