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Properties of substance:

calcium carbide

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless tetragonal crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C2Ca

Structural formula as text:

CaC2

Molar/atomic mass: 64.1

Melting point (°C):

2300

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

barium chloride fused: 4.5 (1000°C) [Ref.]
calcium chloride fused: 6.6 (820°C) [Ref.]
lithium bromide liquid: 6.4 (820°C) [Ref.]
lithium chloride fused: 3.8 (620°C) [Ref.]
lithium chloride fused: 12.4 (900°C) [Ref.]
lithium fluoride fused: 49 (900°C) [Ref.]
methylamine: insoluble [Ref.]
water: reaction [Ref.]

Numerical data:

Year of discovery: 1862

Density:

2.2 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1]
    Ca + 2C → CaC2
  2. [Ref.1]
    CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO
  3. [Ref.1]
    CaCN2 + C → CaC2 + N2

Reactions:

  1. [Ref.1]
    CaC2 → Ca + 2C
  2. [Ref.1, Ref.2]
    CaC2 + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
  3. [Ref.1]
    2NaCl + CaC2 → CaCl2 + 2Na + 2C

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-62.8 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-67.8 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

70.3 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

62.34 (s)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

32.2

References:

  1. Rodygin K. S., Werner G., Kucherov F. A., Ananikov V. P. Calcium Carbide: A Unique Reagent for Organic Synthesis and Nanotechnology / Chemistry - An Asian Journal. - 2016. - Vol. 11, No. 7. - pp. 965-976 [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501323]
  2. Косолапова Т.Я. Карбиды. - М.: Металлургия, 1968. - pp. 74-76, 208-213 [Russian]
  3. Краткая химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 2: Ж-Малоновый эфир. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1963. - pp. 378-379 [Russian]
  4. Кузнецов Л.А. Производство карбида кальция, цианамида кальция и цианистого плава. - М.-Л.: ГНТИХЛ, 1940. - pp. 15-18 [Russian]
  5. Миллер С.А. Ацетилен, его свойства, получение и применение. - Т.1. - Л.: Химия, 1969. - pp. 180-249 [Russian]
  6. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 71 [Russian]
  7. Физические величины. - Под ред. Григорьева И.С., Мейлихова Е.З. - М.: Энергоатомиздат, 1991. - pp. 291 [Russian]
  8. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 2. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1990. - pp. 297 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru