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Properties of substance:

tetranitromethane

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

CN4O8

Structural formula as text:

C(NO2)4

Molar/atomic mass: 196.04

Melting point (°C):

13

Boiling point (°C):

125.7

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

benzene: very soluble [Ref.]
diethyl ether: soluble [Ref.]
ethanol: soluble [Ref.]
water: insoluble [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

70% (wt.), solvent - nitrogen dioxide
  Freezing point (°C) = -30.

Numerical data:

Year of discovery: 1857

Density:

1.65 (13°C, g/cm3)
1.64837 (15°C, d4)
1.63944 (20°C, d4)
1.6377 (21°C, g/cm3)
1.62178 (30°C, d4)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. Yeild 90%. [Ref.1, Ref.2]
    4CH2=C=O + 4HNO3 → C(NO2)4 + CO2 + 3CH3COOH

Reactions:

  1. Yeild 100%. [Ref.1]
    2C(NO2)4 + N2H4 + 4KOH → 2KC(NO2)3 + 2KNO2 + N2 + 4H2O

Vapour pressure (Torr):

20 (34°C)

Dipole moment (D):

0 (20°C)

Speed sound (m/s):

1039 (20°C, aggregative state - liquid)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

38.4 (l)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

82.4 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

503.7 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

176.1 (g)

Spectral properties of the substance:

Ultraviolet/visible spectrum (maximum in nm, layer thickness 1 cm, in parentheses - extinction) = 280 (135)

References:

  1. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards. - 6 ed., Vol. 1. - Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999. - pp. 207-208
  2. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-20
  3. Encyclopedia of explosives and related items. - Vol. 8. - 1978. - pp. M83-M85
  4. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. - 1949. - Vol. 41, No. 10. - pp. 2168-2172 [DOI: 10.1021/ie50478a028]
  5. Urbanski T. Chemistry and technology of explosives. - vol.1. - Warszawa, 1964. - pp. 588-594
  6. Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.2. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 213 [Russian]
  7. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 565 [Russian]
  8. Орлова Е.Ю. Химия и технология бризантных взрывчатых веществ. - Л.: Химия, 1981. - pp. 195-196 [Russian]
  9. Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 784-785 [Russian]
  10. Алтухов К.В., Перекалин В.В. Химия тетранитрометана / Успехи химии. - 1976. - Т.45, №11. - pp. 2050-2076 [Russian]
  11. Хмельницкий Л.И. Справочник по взрывчатым веществам. - Ч. 2. - М., 1962. - pp. 9-13 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru