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Properties of substance:
2-propenoic acid
Synonyms:
acrylic acid
Group of substances:
organic
Physical appearance:
colorless liquid
Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):
C
3
H
4
O
2
Structural formula as text:
CH2=CHCOOH
Molar/atomic mass: 72.0627
Melting point (°C):
13
Boiling point (°C):
141.6
Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):
acetone
: soluble [
Ref.
]
benzene
: soluble [
Ref.
]
diethyl ether
: miscible [
Ref.
]
ethanol
: miscible [
Ref.
]
water
: miscible [
Ref.
]
Numerical data:
Year of discovery: 1860
Density:
1.0511 (20°C, g/cm
3
)
Reactions of synthesis:
[
Ref.1
]
CH
3
COCHCl
2
+ 2K
2
CO
3
→ CH
2
=CHCOOK + 2KCl + KHCO
3
+ CO
2
CH
2
=CHCOOK + HCl → CH
2
=CHCOOH + KCl
Reactions:
Yeild 45%. [
Ref.1
]
CH
2
=CHCOOH + 2SF
4
→ CF
3
CH=CH
2
+ 2SOF
2
+ HF
Yeild 74%. [
Ref.1
]
C
6
H
5
Br + CH
2
=CHCOOH + (CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
)
3
N → C
6
H
5
CH=CHCOOH + (CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
)
3
NHBr
[
Ref.1
]
CH
2
=CHCOOH + HN
3
+ H
2
O → CH
3
COCOOH + NH
3
+ N
2
Refractive index (n
D
):
1.4224 (20°C)
Vapour pressure (Torr):
7.76 (20°C)
22 (40°C)
240 (100°C)
Dissociation:
pK
a
(1) = 4.26 (25°C, water)
Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation Δ
f
H
0
(298.15 K, kJ/mol):
-384.09 (l)
Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion Δ
fus
H (kJ/mol):
11.16
Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization Δ
vap
H (kJ/mol):
37.24
Heat of combustion (kJ/mol):
1376
LD
50
(mg/kg):
830 (white mice, oral)
250 (rabbits, oral)
1250 (rats, oral)
References:
Gangolli S. The Dictionary of Substances and their Effects. - 2 ed., Vol. 1, A-B. - RSC, 1999. - pp. 71-74
Lewis R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. - 11ed. - Wiley-interscience, 2004. - pp. 69
Milne G.W.A. Gardner's Commercially Important Chemicals. - Wiley-Interscience, 2005. - pp. 12
Ахметов Б.В. Задачи и упражнения по физической и коллоидной химии. - Л.: Химия, 1989. - pp. 229 [Russian]
Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.2. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 18 [Russian]
Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 121 [Russian]
Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 1. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1988. - pp. 70-71 [Russian]
Химический энциклопедический словарь. - Под ред. Кнунянц И.Л. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1983. - pp. 17 [Russian]
Шефтель В.О. Полимерные материалы: Токсические свойства. - Л.: Химия, 1982. - pp. 54 [Russian]
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© Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru